These are all the sculpts that are different from the original 2008 version:
Germany: Bomber (wings not as tilted up and not as pointed), Cruiser (pointed stern), Battleship (bigger)
Italy: Artillery (struts now spread), Battleship (bigger)
Japan: Artillery (struts now spread)
Russia: Tank (wider), Bomber (wings now flat instead of tilted), Submarine (wider), Destroyer (1942 version), Cruiser (1942 version), Battleship (1942 version)
UK: Fighter (wings now flat), Submarine (wider), Battleship (bigger)
USA: Tank (bigger), Fighter (P38 Lightning now), Battleship (bigger)
From what I can tell they basically used the 1942 spring (version 1) edition units for everything except the Italian Infantry, Tank, and Cruiser.
You can see most of those differences in my video that CWO mentioned (I noticed the German/Italy Bomber, Russian Tank, Russian/UK submarine differences after I recorded the video).
The link that CWO posted in regard to KNP’s “Evolution of Axis & Allies Pieces” is an awesome resource for identifying the differences. Specifically, if you look at page three of that thread (the second picture on the second post) you will see most of the changes I noticed. Hopefully he adds the 2017 Anniversary Edition to his amazing thread.