@Private-Panic your turn as Austria.
I failed to spend all my income during purchase phase, so edited added a trench at the end, but couldn’t reduce income. Will have to edit income down next turn.
Thanks for the one Cav, that i expressly requested for their fighting skills .
Very unlucky , Rommel, Paris should have been yours . You played a great opener .
You lucky dog @Witt !
@VictoryFirst been there… lost the Ger 1 attack on Paris once…
98%… first round… I lost both my planes to AA and then ALL other units missed… I did not recover from it… and france survived with 5 units or so… crazy
@VictoryFirst please allow adam to move my two Pacific Cruisers
Research Technology - France
Combat Move - France
1 infantry moved from Burgundy to Champagne
1 transport moved from Sea Zone 69 Sea of Crete to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
1 colonial moved from Tobruk to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
1 colonial moved from Tobruk to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
1 transport moved from Sea Zone 60 Central Mediterranean to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
1 infantry moved from Cyrenaica to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
1 colonial moved from Cyrenaica to Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean
3 colonials, 1 infantry and 2 transports moved from Sea Zone 70 Eastern Mediterranean to Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean
3 colonials and 1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean to Palestine
1 colonial moved from Sinai to Palestine
1 colonial moved from Sinai to Palestine
1 colonial moved from Sinai to Palestine
4 cavalrys moved from Cairo-Suez to Palestine
1 battleship moved from Sea Zone 60 Central Mediterranean to Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean
1 infantry moved from Cyrenaica to Lower Egypt
1 infantry moved from Cyrenaica to Lower Egypt
1 colonial moved from Niger to Fezzan
1 colonial moved from Tunisia to Tripolitania
1 infantry moved from Gujarat to Sindh
1 colonial moved from Bengal to Nagpur
1 field_gun, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 145 Pacific Ocean to Sea Zone 141 Pacific Ocean
1 transport moved from Sea Zone 144 Pacific Ocean to Sea Zone 145 Pacific Ocean
1 transport moved from Sea Zone 121 Coral Sea to Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea
1 transport moved from Sea Zone 145 Pacific Ocean to Sea Zone 147 Gulf of California
Purchase Units - France
France buy 1 battleship, 2 cavalrys, 1 colonial, 4 field_guns, 2 gass and 4 infantry; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; 2 techTokens;
Combat - France
Battle in Champagne
France attack with 1 infantry
Germany defend with 1 trench
France win, taking Champagne from Germany with 1 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 3
Casualties for Germany: 1 trench
Battle in Palestine
France attack with 4 cavalrys, 6 colonials and 1 infantry
Turkey defend with 3 field_guns, 1 heavy_gun and 5 infantry
France win, taking Palestine from Turkey with 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials remaining. Battle score for attacker is 25
Casualties for France: 1 cavalry and 1 infantry
Casualties for Turkey: 3 field_guns, 1 heavy_gun and 5 infantry
Non Combat Move - France
1 infantry moved from Franche-Comte to Champagne
2 colonials and 2 infantry moved from Burgundy to Champagne
3 heavy_guns moved from Paris to Champagne
3 infantry moved from Rhone to Franche-Comte
1 field_gun moved from Marseilles to Rhone
Place Units - France
1 battleship placed in Sea Zone 60 Central Mediterranean
1 colonial placed in Tobruk
1 gas placed in Marseilles
2 cavalrys and 1 gas placed in Brittany
4 field_guns and 4 infantry placed in Paris
Activate Technology - France
Trigger FranceP: France has 3 infantry placed in Paris
Turn Complete - France
France collect 79 PUs; end with 79 PUs
Territory Summary for France :
Bismarck Islands : 1 flag
Caroline Islands : 1 flag
German East Africa : 1 cavalry
Kamerun : 1 flag
Palau : 1 flag
Togo : 1 flag
Algiers : 1 Factory
Brittany : 1 Factory, 2 cavalrys and 1 gas
Champagne : 2 colonials, 3 heavy_guns and 4 infantry
Fezzan : 1 colonial
Franche-Comte : 3 infantry
Madagascar : 1 infantry
Marseilles : 1 Factory and 1 gas
Paris : 1 Factory, 4 field_guns and 7 infantry
Rhone : 1 field_gun
Shanghai 4 : 1 field_gun and 1 infantry
Tobruk : 1 Factory and 1 colonial
Yanaon : 1 Factory
Greece : 3 colonials and 1 infantry
Tripolitania : 1 colonial
Tuscany : 2 colonials
Palestine : 1 flag, 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials
Lower Egypt : 2 infantry
Nagpur : 1 colonial
Sindh : 1 infantry
Sea Zone 60 Central Mediterranean : 1 battleship and 2 cruisers
Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean : 1 battleship and 2 transports
Sea Zone 119 Timor Sea : 2 cruisers
Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea : 1 transport
Sea Zone 141 Pacific Ocean : 1 transport
Sea Zone 147 Gulf of California : 1 transport
Production/PUs Summary :
Germany : 108 / 112
France : 79 / 79
Serbia : 7 / 12
Austria : 87 / 90
Italy : 28 / 30
Arabia : 7 / 14
Turkey : 55 / 60
Britain : 95 / 95
Russia : 97 / 99
Communists : 27 / 27
USA : 71 / 74
@Elrood I also lost WWII 1940 opening against France once. There’s no recovering from that.
@Elrood said in NML 1914 team game 15:
@FMErwinRommel I am telling you… my Italian cav made all the difference!!!
One or two units can make a big difference in the odds in a small battle. I was hesitant to redirect 3 cav away from Paris to Galicia. But I still attacked with 130 units; and battle calc said I would still average 35 winning units left, instead of 40. But F gave 37 hits on first round, instead of expected 25. So, after 6 rounds of dice, with just a handful of units left on each side, your Italian cav and my 3 missing cav, made the difference between fighting to the end or retreating just short of victory.
@Elrood Were my 7 fighters and multiple ground units worth less than Elrood’s one fighter? Feeling unappreciated … 😞
@Private-Panic said in NML 1914 team game 15:
@Elrood Were my 7 fighters and multiple ground units worth less than Elrood’s one fighter? Feeling unappreciated … 😞
horse! not fighter! ;-)
Come on guys, don’t argue over cav and figs. We all know it was the 1300 commandeered taxis of Paris that transported 5-6,000 French infantry on the nights of Sept 6-7, 1914 to the battle of the Marne, that saved Paris in the Miracle at the Marne.
Well, they really did transport a few thousand infantry to the battle. But it wasn’t the decisive factor in a battle between a million troops on both sides.
TripleA Turn Summary for game: Domination 1914 No Man’s Land
Game History
Round: 5
Research Technology - Austria
Austria spend 10 on tech rolls
Austria roll 4,6 and gets 1 hit
Austria removing all Technology Tokens after successful research.
Austria discover creepingBarage
Combat Move - Austria
1 fighter moved from Trieste to Milan
3 infantry moved from Venice to Milan
1 field_gun moved from Venice to Milan
7 field_guns, 2 heavy_guns and 26 infantry moved from Macedonia to Albania
Purchase Units - Austria
Austria buy 12 field_guns, 3 heavy_guns, 2 infantry and 3 trenchs; Remaining resources: 2 PUs; 0 techTokens;
Combat - Austria
Battle in Milan
Austria attack with 1 field_gun, 1 fighter and 3 infantry
Italy defend with 1 field_gun and 2 infantry
Austria roll dice for 1 field_gun, 1 fighter and 3 infantry in Milan, round 2 : 2/5 hits, 1.50 expected hits
Italy roll dice for 1 field_gun and 2 infantry in Milan, round 2 : 3/3 hits, 1.00 expected hits
3 infantry owned by the Austria lost in Milan
2 infantry owned by the Italy lost in Milan
Austria roll dice for 1 field_gun and 1 fighter in Milan, round 3 : 1/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits
Italy roll dice for 1 field_gun in Milan, round 3 : 0/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits
1 field_gun owned by the Italy lost in Milan
Austria win, taking Milan from Italy with 1 field_gun and 1 fighter remaining. Battle score for attacker is 1
Casualties for Austria: 3 infantry
Casualties for Italy: 1 field_gun and 2 infantry
Battle in Albania
Austria attack with 7 field_guns, 2 heavy_guns and 26 infantry
Serbia defend with 2 field_guns and 1 infantry
Austria roll dice for 7 field_guns, 2 heavy_guns and 26 infantry in Albania, round 2 : 8/35 hits, 8.83 expected hits
Serbia roll dice for 2 field_guns and 1 infantry in Albania, round 2 : 0/3 hits, 1.00 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Serbia and 2 field_guns owned by the Serbia lost in Albania
Austria win, taking Albania from Serbia with 7 field_guns, 2 heavy_guns and 26 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 11
Casualties for Serbia: 2 field_guns and 1 infantry
Non Combat Move - Austria
1 fighter moved from Milan to Venice
1 heavy_gun and 4 infantry moved from Tyrol to Venice
1 cavalry moved from Croatia to Trieste
2 infantry moved from Croatia to Trieste
6 gass moved from Croatia to Trieste
4 infantry moved from Montenegro to Bosnia
5 field_guns moved from Serbia to Bosnia
3 field_guns moved from Belgrade to Baranya
1 infantry moved from Serbia to Bosnia
1 fighter moved from Serbia to Trieste
Place Units - Austria
2 infantry and 3 trenchs placed in Galicia
4 field_guns placed in Venice
6 field_guns placed in Trieste
2 field_guns and 3 heavy_guns placed in Hungary
Activate Technology - Austria
Austria activating creepingBarage
Turn Complete - Austria
Austria collect 90 PUs; end with 92 PUs
Combat Hit Differential Summary :
Italy regular : 1.67
Serbia regular : -1.00
Austria regular : -0.00
TripleA Turn Summary for game: Domination 1914 No Man’s Land
Game History
Round: 5
Research Technology - Turkey
Turkey roll 3,4 and gets 0 hits
Combat Move - Turkey
2 field_guns, 3 gass and 2 infantry moved from Damascus to Palestine
1 gas moved from Baghdad to Palestine
2 infantry moved from Hejaz to Palestine
2 fighters moved from Arabia to Palestine
1 field_gun and 1 infantry moved from Arabia to Jordan
1 cavalry moved from Georgia to Azerbaijan
Turkey take Azerbaijan from Russia
1 cavalry moved from Azerbaijan to Georgia
Purchase Units - Turkey
Turkey buy 2 cavalrys, 4 field_guns, 7 infantry and 5 trenchs; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; 2 techTokens;
Combat - Turkey
Battle in Jordan
Turkey attack with 1 field_gun and 1 infantry
Italy defend with 1 cavalry
Turkey roll dice for 1 field_gun and 1 infantry in Jordan, round 2 : 1/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits
Italy roll dice for 1 cavalry in Jordan, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.17 expected hits
1 cavalry owned by the Italy lost in Jordan
Turkey win, taking Jordan from Italy with 1 field_gun and 1 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 4
Casualties for Italy: 1 cavalry
Battle in Palestine
Turkey attack with 2 field_guns, 2 fighters, 4 gass and 4 infantry
France defend with 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials
Turkey roll dice for 4 gass in Palestine, round 2 : 4/4 hits, 2.67 expected hits
1 colonial owned by the France and 3 cavalrys owned by the France lost in Palestine
4 gass owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
Turkey roll dice for 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 4 infantry in Palestine, round 2 : 2/8 hits, 2.67 expected hits
France roll dice for 5 colonials in Palestine, round 2 : 1/5 hits, 1.67 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
2 colonials owned by the France lost in Palestine
Turkey roll dice for 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 3 infantry in Palestine, round 3 : 4/7 hits, 2.33 expected hits
France roll dice for 3 colonials in Palestine, round 3 : 1/3 hits, 1.00 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
3 colonials owned by the France lost in Palestine
Turkey win, taking Palestine from France with 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 2 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 8
Casualties for France: 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials
Casualties for Turkey: 4 gass and 2 infantry
Non Combat Move - Turkey
2 fighters moved from Palestine to Lebanon
3 infantry moved from Syria to Lebanon
3 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Lurs to Georgia
2 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Baghdad to Mesopotamia
2 infantry moved from Smyrna to Armenia
1 heavy_gun and 2 infantry moved from Smyrna to Syria
1 cavalry, 2 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Constantinople to Smyrna
1 cavalry moved from Smyrna to Syria
1 battlecruiser, 1 battleship, 3 cruisers and 1 destroyer moved from Sea Zone 68 Aegean Sea to Sea Zone 67 Black Sea
1 heavy_gun moved from Dardanelles to Bulgaria
Place Units - Turkey
3 trenchs placed in Georgia
1 trench placed in Lebanon
1 trench placed in Syria
2 cavalrys, 1 field_gun and 2 infantry placed in Baghdad
3 field_guns and 2 infantry placed in Damascus
3 infantry placed in Constantinople
Turkey undo move 5.
Turkey undo move 4.
2 cavalrys placed in Baghdad
2 field_guns and 2 infantry placed in Damascus
2 infantry placed in Constantinople
1 field_gun placed in Damascus
1 field_gun placed in Baghdad
Turn Complete - Turkey
Turkey collect 59 PUs; end with 59 PUs
Combat Hit Differential Summary :
Italy regular : -0.17
France regular : -0.67
Turkey regular : 2.67
@Private-Panic Please wait for us to discuss possible edit of Turkey NCM and build.
TripleA Turn Summary for game: Domination 1914 No Man’s Land
Game History
Round: 5
Research Technology - Turkey
Turkey roll 3,4 and gets 0 hits
Combat Move - Turkey
2 field_guns, 3 gass and 2 infantry moved from Damascus to Palestine
1 gas moved from Baghdad to Palestine
2 infantry moved from Hejaz to Palestine
2 fighters moved from Arabia to Palestine
1 field_gun and 1 infantry moved from Arabia to Jordan
1 cavalry moved from Georgia to Azerbaijan
Turkey take Azerbaijan from Russia
1 cavalry moved from Azerbaijan to Georgia
Purchase Units - Turkey
Turkey buy 2 cavalrys, 4 field_guns, 7 infantry and 5 trenchs; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; 2 techTokens;
Combat - Turkey
Battle in Jordan
Turkey attack with 1 field_gun and 1 infantry
Italy defend with 1 cavalry
Turkey roll dice for 1 field_gun and 1 infantry in Jordan, round 2 : 1/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits
Italy roll dice for 1 cavalry in Jordan, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.17 expected hits
1 cavalry owned by the Italy lost in Jordan
Turkey win, taking Jordan from Italy with 1 field_gun and 1 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 4
Casualties for Italy: 1 cavalry
Battle in Palestine
Turkey attack with 2 field_guns, 2 fighters, 4 gass and 4 infantry
France defend with 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials
Turkey roll dice for 4 gass in Palestine, round 2 : 4/4 hits, 2.67 expected hits
1 colonial owned by the France and 3 cavalrys owned by the France lost in Palestine
4 gass owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
Turkey roll dice for 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 4 infantry in Palestine, round 2 : 2/8 hits, 2.67 expected hits
France roll dice for 5 colonials in Palestine, round 2 : 1/5 hits, 1.67 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
2 colonials owned by the France lost in Palestine
Turkey roll dice for 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 3 infantry in Palestine, round 3 : 4/7 hits, 2.33 expected hits
France roll dice for 3 colonials in Palestine, round 3 : 1/3 hits, 1.00 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Turkey lost in Palestine
3 colonials owned by the France lost in Palestine
Turkey win, taking Palestine from France with 2 field_guns, 2 fighters and 2 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 8
Casualties for France: 3 cavalrys and 6 colonials
Casualties for Turkey: 4 gass and 2 infantry
Non Combat Move - Turkey
2 fighters moved from Palestine to Lebanon
3 infantry moved from Syria to Lebanon
3 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Lurs to Georgia
2 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Baghdad to Mesopotamia
2 infantry moved from Smyrna to Armenia
1 heavy_gun and 2 infantry moved from Smyrna to Syria
1 cavalry, 2 field_guns and 2 infantry moved from Constantinople to Smyrna
1 cavalry moved from Smyrna to Syria
1 battlecruiser, 1 battleship, 3 cruisers and 1 destroyer moved from Sea Zone 68 Aegean Sea to Sea Zone 67 Black Sea
1 heavy_gun moved from Dardanelles to Bulgaria
Place Units - Turkey
3 trenchs placed in Georgia
1 trench placed in Lebanon
1 trench placed in Syria
2 cavalrys, 1 field_gun and 2 infantry placed in Baghdad
3 field_guns and 2 infantry placed in Damascus
3 infantry placed in Constantinople
Turkey undo move 5.
Turkey undo move 4.
2 cavalrys placed in Baghdad
2 field_guns and 2 infantry placed in Damascus
2 infantry placed in Constantinople
1 field_gun placed in Damascus
1 field_gun placed in Baghdad
Turn Complete - Turkey
Turkey collect 59 PUs; end with 59 PUs
Turning on Edit Mode
EDIT: Removing units owned by Turkey from Bulgaria: 1 heavy_gun
EDIT: Adding units owned by Turkey to Dardanelles: 1 heavy_gun
EDIT: Removing units owned by Turkey from Syria: 1 trench
EDIT: Adding units owned by Turkey to Dardanelles: 1 trench
EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode
Combat Hit Differential Summary :
Italy regular : -0.17
France regular : -0.67
Turkey regular : 2.67
@Private-Panic good to go as GB.
@dawgoneit Give 'em hell!
Game History
Round: 5
Research Technology - Britain
Britain spend 5 on tech rolls
Britain roll 6,2,4 and gets 1 hit
Britain removing all Technology Tokens after successful research.
Britain discover merchantmarine
Combat Move - Britain
Britain loses 0 PUs for violating Azoress neutrality.
Britain loses 0 PUs for violating Bahrains neutrality.
1 field_gun and 1 infantry moved from Normandy to Sea Zone 25 Mid Atlantic
1 field_gun, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 25 Mid Atlantic to Sea Zone 32 Sargasso Sea
1 field_gun and 1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 32 Sargasso Sea to Azores
Britain take Azores from Neutral
7 infantry moved from Baluchistan to Sistan
1 infantry moved from Bombay to Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea
1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea to Sea Zone 72 Persian Gulf
1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 72 Persian Gulf to Bahrain
Britain take Bahrain from Neutral
1 infantry moved from Bombay to Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea
1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea to Sea Zone 72 Persian Gulf
1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 72 Persian Gulf to Qatar
Purchase Units - Britain
Britain buy 1 battleship, 4 field_guns, 1 fighter, 7 infantry, 1 submarine and 5 trenchs; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; 0 techTokens;
Combat - Britain
Battle in Qatar
Britain attack with 1 infantry
Turkey defend with 2 trenchs
2 trenchs owned by the Turkey lost in Qatar
Britain win, taking Qatar from Turkey with 1 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 6
Casualties for Turkey: 2 trenchs
Battle in Sistan
Britain attack with 7 infantry
Neutral defend with 2 infantry
Britain roll dice for 7 infantry in Sistan, round 2 : 0/7 hits, 1.17 expected hits
Neutral roll dice for 2 infantry in Sistan, round 2 : 0/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits
Britain roll dice for 7 infantry in Sistan, round 3 : 2/7 hits, 1.17 expected hits
Neutral roll dice for 2 infantry in Sistan, round 3 : 1/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits
1 infantry owned by the Britain lost in Sistan
2 infantry owned by the Neutral lost in Sistan
Britain loses 0 PUs for violating Sistans neutrality.
Britain win, taking Sistan from Neutral with 6 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is 3
Casualties for Britain: 1 infantry
Casualties for Neutral: 2 infantry
Non Combat Move - Britain
Turning on Edit Mode
EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode
1 submarine moved from Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea to Sea Zone 75 Red Sea
1 battlecruiser, 1 cruiser, 1 destroyer and 1 submarine moved from Sea Zone 126 Java Sea to Sea Zone 117 Indian Ocean
1 field_gun moved from Tuamotu to Sea Zone 112 Pacific Ocean
1 field_gun and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 112 Pacific Ocean to Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea
1 field_gun moved from Solomon Islands to Sea Zone 121 Coral Sea
1 infantry moved from Solomon Islands to Sea Zone 121 Coral Sea
1 field_gun, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 121 Coral Sea to Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea
1 colonial moved from Queensland to Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea
1 colonial, 2 field_guns and 1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 120 Arafura Sea to Papua
1 field_gun, 2 heavy_guns and 3 infantry moved from Cairo-Suez to Sinai
5 cruisers moved from Sea Zone 69 Sea of Crete to Sea Zone 68 Aegean Sea
1 infantry moved from Cyprus to Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean
1 field_gun moved from Cyprus to Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean
1 battlecruiser, 1 battleship, 1 field_gun, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from Sea Zone 71 Eastern Mediterranean to Sea Zone 75 Red Sea
1 field_gun and 1 infantry moved from Sea Zone 75 Red Sea to Sinai
1 infantry moved from Western Sudan to Uganda
1 colonial moved from Western Sudan to Uganda
1 cavalry moved from England to London
1 colonial moved from Quebec to Nova Scotia
1 colonial moved from Ontario to Quebec
1 colonial moved from Manitoba to Ontario
1 battlecruiser, 1 cruiser and 1 destroyer moved from Sea Zone 73 Arabian Sea to Sea Zone 80 Indian Ocean
Place Units - Britain
1 field_gun, 1 fighter, 3 infantry and 2 trenchs placed in London
1 field_gun and 2 trenchs placed in England
1 battleship and 1 submarine placed in Sea Zone 25 Mid Atlantic
1 trench placed in German East Africa
2 field_guns and 2 infantry placed in Baluchistan
2 infantry placed in Bombay
Turning on Edit Mode
EDIT: Removing units owned by France from Sea Zone 119 Timor Sea: 1 cruiser
EDIT: Removing units owned by France from Sea Zone 119 Timor Sea: 1 cruiser
EDIT: Adding units owned by France to Sea Zone 126 Java Sea: 2 cruisers
EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode
Britain undo move 6.
2 infantry placed in Cairo-Suez
Activate Technology - Britain
Britain activating merchantmarine
Turn Complete - Britain
Britain collect 100 PUs; end with 100 PUs
Combat Hit Differential Summary :
Neutral regular : -0.33
Britain regular : -0.33
@dawgoneit what was that?! :-O