19L AldoRaine vs Majikforce

@Stucifer BTW, assumed you would not scramble in UK SZ

@dawgoneit Scramble?

TripleA Turn Summary: Germans round 16

TripleA Turn Summary for game: World War II Global 1940 Balanced Mod3

Game History

Round: 16 Research Technology - Germans Purchase Units - Germans Germans buy 9 armour, 1 bomber and 1 tactical_bomber; Remaining resources: 2 PUs; Combat Move - Germans 1 armour, 1 mech_infantry and 1 tactical_bomber moved from Volgograd to Novosibirsk Germans take Kazakhstan from Russians 1 fighter, 1 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber moved from Volgograd to Samara 1 fighter moved from Bessarabia to Caucasus 1 artillery, 1 fighter and 1 infantry moved from Volgograd to Caucasus 1 armour moved from Belarus to Bryansk Germans take Smolensk from Russians 1 mech_infantry moved from Novgorod to Vologda Germans take Vologda from Russians Combat - Germans Battle in Novosibirsk Germans attack with 1 armour, 1 mech_infantry and 1 tactical_bomber Russians defend with 1 mech_infantry Germans roll dice for 1 armour, 1 mech_infantry and 1 tactical_bomber in Novosibirsk, round 2 : 1/3 hits, 1.33 expected hits Russians roll dice for 1 mech_infantry in Novosibirsk, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 mech_infantry owned by the Russians lost in Novosibirsk Germans win, taking Novosibirsk from Russians with 1 armour, 1 mech_infantry and 1 tactical_bomber remaining. Battle score for attacker is 4 Casualties for Russians: 1 mech_infantry Battle in Samara Germans attack with 1 fighter, 1 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber Russians defend with 1 infantry Germans roll dice for 1 fighter, 1 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber in Samara, round 2 : 3/3 hits, 1.33 expected hits Russians roll dice for 1 infantry in Samara, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the Russians lost in Samara Germans win, taking Samara from Russians with 1 fighter, 1 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber remaining. Battle score for attacker is 3 Casualties for Russians: 1 infantry Battle in Caucasus Germans attack with 1 artillery, 2 fighters and 1 infantry British defend with 2 infantry Germans roll dice for 1 artillery, 2 fighters and 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 2 : 1/4 hits, 1.67 expected hits Russians roll dice for 2 infantry in Caucasus, round 2 : 0/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the British lost in Caucasus Germans roll dice for 1 artillery, 2 fighters and 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 3 : 0/4 hits, 1.67 expected hits Russians roll dice for 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 3 : 0/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits Germans roll dice for 1 artillery, 2 fighters and 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 4 : 1/4 hits, 1.67 expected hits Russians roll dice for 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 4 : 1/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the Germans lost in Caucasus 1 infantry owned by the British lost in Caucasus Germans win, taking Caucasus from Russians with 1 artillery and 2 fighters remaining. Battle score for attacker is 3 Casualties for British: 2 infantry Casualties for Germans: 1 infantry Non Combat Move - Germans Turning on Edit Mode EDIT: Removing units owned by Americans from Buryatia: 1 infantry EDIT: Removing units owned by Germans from Yakut S.S.R.: 1 mech_infantry EDIT: Changing ownership of Buryatia from Russians to Germans EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode 2 fighters moved from Caucasus to Greece 1 fighter moved from Southern Italy to Greece 1 tactical_bomber moved from Southern Italy to Greece 1 fighter and 1 tactical_bomber moved from Samara to Novgorod 1 aaGun, 50 artilleries and 43 infantry moved from Belarus to Bryansk 1 infantry moved from Ukraine to Bryansk 1 infantry moved from Rostov to Bryansk 2 infantry moved from Tambov to Bryansk 1 tactical_bomber moved from Novosibirsk to Volgograd 17 armour moved from Volgograd to Bryansk 10 mech_infantrys moved from Volgograd to Bryansk 1 artillery moved from Volgograd to Tambov 7 mech_infantrys moved from Volgograd to Bryansk 2 infantry moved from Bessarabia to Ukraine 2 mech_infantrys moved from Belarus to Ukraine 3 mech_infantrys moved from Novgorod to Belarus 14 mech_infantrys moved from Belarus to Bryansk 3 artilleries and 2 infantry moved from Eastern Poland to Western Ukraine 2 fighters moved from Western Germany to Southern Italy 4 artilleries and 4 infantry moved from Western Germany to 112 Sea Zone 4 artilleries, 1 carrier, 1 cruiser, 1 destroyer, 4 infantry and 4 transports moved from 112 Sea Zone to 113 Sea Zone 4 artilleries and 4 infantry moved from 113 Sea Zone to Norway 1 submarine moved from 119 Sea Zone to 124 Sea Zone 1 submarine moved from 125 Sea Zone to 113 Sea Zone 1 armour and 7 mech_infantrys moved from Yakut S.S.R. to Buryatia 1 aaGun, 4 artilleries and 4 infantry moved from France to Western Germany 4 artilleries and 6 infantry moved from Poland to Eastern Poland 2 artilleries and 2 infantry moved from Germany to Slovakia Hungary Place Units - Germans 3 armour placed in Volgograd 3 armour placed in Ukraine 3 armour placed in Western Ukraine 1 bomber and 1 tactical_bomber placed in Novgorod Turn Complete - Germans Germans collect 64 PUs; end with 66 PUs Trigger Germans 5 Swedish Iron Ore: Germans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 71 PUs Objective Germans 3 Control Caucasus: Germans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 76 PUs Objective Germans 2 Control Novgorod Or Volgograd Or Russia: Germans met a national objective for an additional 10 PUs; end with 86 PUs

Combat Hit Differential Summary :

Russians regular : -1.00 Germans regular : -1.67

Savegame

@VictoryFirst said in L25 G40 OOB Jacob16 (Axis) vs. VictoryFirst (Allies+50):

Rules question, do the Axis win if they control enough VCs at the end of a round or after a full round of play? E.g. if Japan captures Sydney this turn, do they win at the end of the French turn or at the end of J8?

I thought it was the latter but I was testing some stuff in local mode and it gave a message saying the Axis achieved victory at the end of the French turn.

@Panther Maybe you know the answer? Thanks.

In the given case it is at the end of J8.

See the rulebook:
“At the beginning of each Axis power’s turn, check to see if at least 8 victory cities have continuously been under Axis control since the end of that power’s last turn (they need not be the same 8 cities). If that’s true, then check to see if at least 1 of the victory cities that the Axis controls is an Axis capital (Berlin or Rome). If one of them is an Axis capital, or if the current power liberates one by the end of the turn, the Axis wins the game.”

TripleA Turn Summary: Japanese round 7

TripleA Turn Summary for game: World War II Global 1940 Balanced Mod3

Game History

Round: 7 Purchase Units - Japanese Japanese buy 6 artilleries, 1 carrier, 1 destroyer, 3 infantry and 2 submarines; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; 6 SuicideAttackTokens; Combat Move - Japanese 1 infantry moved from Kweichow to Shensi 1 infantry moved from Suiyuyan to Kansu Japanese take Kansu from Chinese 1 infantry moved from Anhwe to Hopei Japanese take Hopei from Chinese 1 bomber moved from Anhwe to Shensi 1 bomber moved from French Indo China to Shensi 2 infantry moved from Yunnan to Burma 3 tactical_bombers moved from French Indo China to Burma 1 submarine moved from 6 Sea Zone to 32 Sea Zone Combat - Japanese Battle in 32 Sea Zone Japanese attack with 1 submarine Americans defend with 1 transport 1 transport owned by the Americans lost in 32 Sea Zone Japanese win with 1 submarine remaining. Battle score for attacker is 7 Casualties for Americans: 1 transport Battle in Burma Japanese attack with 2 infantry and 3 tactical_bombers British defend with 2 infantry Japanese roll dice for 2 infantry and 3 tactical_bombers in Burma, round 2 : 2/5 hits, 1.83 expected hits UK_Pacific roll dice for 2 infantry in Burma, round 2 : 0/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits 2 infantry owned by the British lost in Burma Japanese win, taking Burma from UK_Pacific with 2 infantry and 3 tactical_bombers remaining. Battle score for attacker is 6 Casualties for British: 2 infantry Battle in Shensi Japanese attack with 2 bombers and 1 infantry Chinese defend with 1 infantry Japanese roll dice for 2 bombers and 1 infantry in Shensi, round 2 : 0/3 hits, 1.50 expected hits Chinese roll dice for 1 infantry in Shensi, round 2 : 1/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the Japanese lost in Shensi 2 bombers owned by the Japanese retreated Chinese win with 1 infantry remaining. Battle score for attacker is -3 Casualties for Japanese: 1 infantry Non Combat Move - Japanese 2 bombers moved from Shensi to French Indo China 3 tactical_bombers moved from Burma to French Indo China 1 artillery moved from Szechwan to Yunnan 1 infantry moved from Yunnan to Szechwan 1 infantry moved from Yunnan to Kweichow 1 infantry moved from Chahar to Suiyuyan 1 infantry moved from Jehol to Chahar 2 aaGuns and 5 infantry moved from Jehol to Manchuria 1 fighter moved from 36 Sea Zone to 42 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from 20 Sea Zone to 42 Sea Zone 1 carrier moved from 36 Sea Zone to 42 Sea Zone 1 destroyer moved from 36 Sea Zone to 42 Sea Zone 1 carrier moved from 20 Sea Zone to 36 Sea Zone 1 carrier moved from 6 Sea Zone to 36 Sea Zone 1 submarine moved from 6 Sea Zone to 36 Sea Zone 1 tactical_bomber moved from Anhwe to Manchuria 1 fighter moved from Anhwe to Japan 1 tactical_bomber moved from French Indo China to 36 Sea Zone 1 tactical_bomber moved from French Indo China to 6 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Japan to 6 Sea Zone 3 transports moved from 36 Sea Zone to 6 Sea Zone 8 infantry moved from French Indo China to Yunnan 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from 6 Sea Zone to 19 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Manchuria to 19 Sea Zone 2 infantry and 1 transport moved from 19 Sea Zone to 36 Sea Zone 2 infantry moved from 36 Sea Zone to French Indo China 2 infantry moved from Yunnan to Szechwan 1 infantry moved from Yunnan to Kweichow 1 infantry moved from Jehol to Anhwe 1 infantry moved from Jehol to Chahar Place Units - Japanese 1 carrier, 1 destroyer and 2 submarines placed in 6 Sea Zone 3 infantry placed in Japan 3 artilleries placed in Manchuria 3 artilleries placed in French Indo China Turn Complete - Japanese Japanese collect 62 PUs; end with 62 PUs Objective Japanese 6 Home Islands: Japanese met a national objective for an additional 3 PUs; end with 65 PUs Objective Japanese 4 Control Dutch East Indies: Japanese met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 70 PUs Turning on Edit Mode EDIT: Removing units owned by Japanese from French Indo China: 1 aaGun EDIT: Adding units owned by Japanese to Yunnan: 1 aaGun EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode

Combat Hit Differential Summary :

Chinese regular : 0.67 Japanese regular : -1.33 UK_Pacific regular : -0.67

Savegame

TripleA Turn Summary: UK_Pacific round 4

TripleA Turn Summary for game: World War II Global 1940 Balanced Mod3

Game History

Round: 4 Purchase Units - Americans Americans buy 1 artillery, 1 carrier, 1 fighter, 3 submarines, 1 tactical_bomber and 3 transports; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; Combat Move - Americans 1 infantry moved from Marshall Islands to 32 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Marshall Islands to 32 Sea Zone 2 infantry and 1 transport moved from 32 Sea Zone to 34 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from 34 Sea Zone to Paulau Island 1 infantry moved from 34 Sea Zone to Paulau Island 3 fighters and 1 tactical_bomber moved from 33 Sea Zone to Paulau Island Combat - Americans Battle in Paulau Island Americans attack with 3 fighters, 2 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber Japanese defend with 1 infantry Americans roll dice for 3 fighters, 2 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber in Paulau Island, round 2 : 4/6 hits, 2.50 expected hits Japanese roll dice for 1 infantry in Paulau Island, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the Japanese lost in Paulau Island Americans win, taking Paulau Island from Japanese with 3 fighters, 2 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber remaining. Battle score for attacker is 3 Casualties for Japanese: 1 infantry Non Combat Move - Americans 1 tactical_bomber moved from Paulau Island to 33 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from Paulau Island to 33 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from Paulau Island to 33 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from Paulau Island to 33 Sea Zone 1 submarine moved from 26 Sea Zone to 33 Sea Zone 1 submarine moved from 26 Sea Zone to 33 Sea Zone 1 destroyer moved from 26 Sea Zone to 33 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Hawaiian Islands to 26 Sea Zone 1 bomber moved from Hawaiian Islands to Caroline Islands 1 artillery moved from Hawaiian Islands to 26 Sea Zone 1 artillery, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from 26 Sea Zone to 33 Sea Zone 1 artillery and 1 infantry moved from 33 Sea Zone to Caroline Islands 1 artillery moved from Western United States to 10 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Western United States to 10 Sea Zone 1 artillery, 1 infantry, 6 submarines and 1 transport moved from 10 Sea Zone to 26 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from 26 Sea Zone to Hawaiian Islands 1 artillery moved from 26 Sea Zone to Hawaiian Islands 1 tactical_bomber moved from Western United States to Hawaiian Islands 1 infantry moved from Central United States to 101 Sea Zone 1 mech_infantry moved from Central United States to 101 Sea Zone 1 infantry, 1 mech_infantry, 1 submarine and 1 transport moved from 101 Sea Zone to 91 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from Gibraltar to Egypt 1 fighter moved from Eastern United States to Gibraltar 1 infantry moved from 91 Sea Zone to Morocco 1 mech_infantry moved from 91 Sea Zone to Morocco 1 armour moved from Tunisia to Tobruk Place Units - Americans 2 transports placed in 101 Sea Zone 1 carrier, 2 submarines and 1 transport placed in 10 Sea Zone 1 artillery and 1 tactical_bomber placed in Western United States 1 submarine placed in 101 Sea Zone 1 fighter placed in Eastern United States Turn Complete - Americans Americans collect 50 PUs; end with 50 PUs Trigger Americans 7 North Africa Beach Head: Americans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 55 PUs Objective Americans 1 Homeland: Americans met a national objective for an additional 10 PUs; end with 65 PUs Objective Americans 9 Vital Forward Bases: Americans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 70 PUs Objective Americans 8 Pacific Airfields: Americans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 75 PUs Objective Americans 3 Defense Obligations: Americans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 80 PUs Objective Americans 2 Outer Territories: Americans met a national objective for an additional 5 PUs; end with 85 PUs Turning on Edit Mode EDIT: Removing units owned by Americans from 33 Sea Zone: 1 transport EDIT: Removing units owned by Americans from Caroline Islands: 1 artillery EDIT: Changing ownership of Celebes from Dutch to Americans EDIT: Adding units owned by Americans to 44 Sea Zone: 1 transport EDIT: Adding units owned by Americans to Celebes: 1 artillery EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode Purchase Units - Chinese Trigger Chinese Loses Burma Road: Chinese has their production frontier changed to: productionChinese_Burma_Road_Closed Chinese buy 2 infantry; Remaining resources: 2 PUs; Combat Move - Chinese Place Units - Chinese 2 infantry placed in Kansu Turn Complete - Chinese Chinese collect 4 PUs; end with 6 PUs Purchase Units - British British buy 1 carrier and 7 mech_infantrys; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; Combat Move - British 1 infantry moved from West India to India 1 infantry moved from West India to India 1 infantry moved from West India to India 1 tactical_bomber moved from West India to India 1 fighter moved from West India to India 1 fighter moved from West India to India 1 destroyer moved from 81 Sea Zone to 79 Sea Zone 1 fighter moved from West India to 79 Sea Zone 1 bomber moved from Syria to India Combat - British Battle in India British attack with 1 bomber, 2 fighters, 3 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber Japanese defend with 1 airfield, 1 artillery, 1 factory_minor, 1 harbour and 1 infantry British roll dice for 1 bomber, 2 fighters, 3 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber in India, round 2 : 2/7 hits, 2.83 expected hits Japanese roll dice for 1 artillery and 1 infantry in India, round 2 : 1/2 hits, 0.67 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the British lost in India 1 infantry owned by the Japanese and 1 artillery owned by the Japanese lost in India British win, taking India from Japanese with 1 bomber, 2 fighters, 2 infantry and 1 tactical_bomber remaining. Battle score for attacker is 4 Casualties for British: 1 infantry Casualties for Japanese: 1 artillery and 1 infantry Battle in 79 Sea Zone British attack with 1 destroyer and 1 fighter Japanese defend with 1 submarine British roll dice for 1 destroyer and 1 fighter in 79 Sea Zone, round 2 : 0/2 hits, 0.83 expected hits Japanese roll dice for 1 submarine in 79 Sea Zone, round 2 : 0/1 hits, 0.17 expected hits British roll dice for 1 destroyer and 1 fighter in 79 Sea Zone, round 3 : 0/2 hits, 0.83 expected hits Japanese roll dice for 1 submarine in 79 Sea Zone, round 3 : 0/1 hits, 0.17 expected hits British roll dice for 1 destroyer and 1 fighter in 79 Sea Zone, round 4 : 1/2 hits, 0.83 expected hits Japanese roll dice for 1 submarine in 79 Sea Zone, round 4 : 0/1 hits, 0.17 expected hits 1 submarine owned by the Japanese lost in 79 Sea Zone British win, taking 79 Sea Zone from Japanese with 1 destroyer and 1 fighter remaining. Battle score for attacker is 6 Casualties for Japanese: 1 submarine Non Combat Move - British 1 fighter moved from 79 Sea Zone to West India 1 bomber, 2 fighters and 1 tactical_bomber moved from India to West India 3 infantry moved from Eastern Persia to West India 1 mech_infantry moved from Iraq to Eastern Persia 1 infantry moved from Iraq to Northwest Persia British take Northwest Persia from Neutral_Allies 2 artilleries and 4 infantry moved from Iraq to Persia 1 infantry moved from Trans-Jordan to Iraq 1 artillery moved from Trans-Jordan to Iraq 1 fighter moved from Syria to Persia 1 submarine moved from 98 Sea Zone to 97 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Anglo Egyptian Sudan to Egypt 1 infantry moved from Alexandria to Egypt 1 transport moved from 81 Sea Zone to 76 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Ethiopia to 76 Sea Zone 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from 76 Sea Zone to 81 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Anglo Egyptian Sudan to 81 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from 81 Sea Zone to Trans-Jordan 1 infantry moved from 81 Sea Zone to Trans-Jordan 1 mech_infantry moved from Egypt to Iraq 1 armour moved from Egypt to Iraq 1 artillery moved from Union of South Africa to 71 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Union of South Africa to 71 Sea Zone 1 artillery, 1 infantry and 1 transport moved from 71 Sea Zone to 81 Sea Zone 1 artillery and 1 infantry moved from 81 Sea Zone to Trans-Jordan 1 infantry moved from Gibraltar to 91 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Gibraltar to 91 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Morocco to 91 Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from Morocco to 91 Sea Zone 2 infantry and 1 transport moved from 91 Sea Zone to 109 Sea Zone 2 infantry and 1 transport moved from 91 Sea Zone to 109 Sea Zone 1 mech_infantry moved from Eire to United Kingdom 4 infantry moved from 109 Sea Zone to United Kingdom Place Units - British 1 carrier placed in 109 Sea Zone 3 mech_infantrys placed in Persia 3 mech_infantrys placed in Egypt 1 mech_infantry placed in Union of South Africa Turn Complete - British British collect 35 PUs; end with 35 PUs Trigger British 3 No Enemy Submarines: British met a national objective for an additional 3 PUs; end with 38 PUs Objective British 4 Control Convoy Lanes: British met a national objective for an additional 3 PUs; end with 41 PUs Objective British 1 Original: British met a national objective for an additional 3 PUs; end with 44 PUs Turn Complete - UK_Pacific UK_Pacific collect 9 PUs; end with 9 PUs Trigger UK Pacific 4 No Enemy Submarines: UK_Pacific met a national objective for an additional 3 PUs; end with 12 PUs

Combat Hit Differential Summary :

Americans regular : 1.50 Japanese regular : -0.50 British regular : -2.33

Savegame

@VictoryFirst

Game History

Round: 8 Purchase Units - British British buy 1 bomber and 7 infantry; Remaining resources: 0 PUs; Combat Move - British 1 infantry moved from Karelia S.S.R. to Caucasus 1 fighter moved from Anglo Sudan Egypt to Caucasus 1 bomber and 3 fighters moved from Persia to Caucasus 1 fighter moved from Karelia S.S.R. to Caucasus Combat - British Battle in Caucasus British attack with 1 bomber, 5 fighters and 1 infantry Germans defend with 1 infantry British roll dice for 1 bomber, 5 fighters and 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 2 : 2/7 hits, 3.33 expected hits Germans roll dice for 1 infantry in Caucasus, round 2 : 1/1 hits, 0.33 expected hits 1 infantry owned by the British lost in Caucasus 1 infantry owned by the Germans lost in Caucasus British win with 1 bomber and 5 fighters remaining. Battle score for attacker is 0 Casualties for British: 1 infantry Casualties for Germans: 1 infantry Non Combat Move - British Turning on Edit Mode EDIT: Changing ownership of West Europe from Germans to British EDIT: Turning off Edit Mode 1 fighter moved from Caucasus to Karelia S.S.R. 1 fighter moved from Caucasus to Anglo Sudan Egypt 1 fighter moved from Caucasus to Kazakh S.S.R. 1 bomber and 2 fighters moved from Caucasus to Karelia S.S.R. 2 infantry moved from Finland Norway to Karelia S.S.R. 2 infantry moved from United Kingdom to North Sea Zone 2 infantry moved from North Sea Zone to Finland Norway 3 transports moved from West Spain Sea Zone to North Sea Zone 1 armour and 3 infantry moved from United Kingdom to North Sea Zone 1 armour, 3 infantry and 3 transports moved from North Sea Zone to West Spain Sea Zone 1 infantry moved from West Spain Sea Zone to West Europe 1 armour and 2 infantry moved from West Spain Sea Zone to Algeria 5 infantry moved from Algeria to Libya 6 infantry moved from Libya to Anglo Sudan Egypt 9 infantry moved from Anglo Sudan Egypt to Syria Jordan 3 armour moved from Persia to Anglo Sudan Egypt 2 infantry moved from Persia to Kazakh S.S.R. 1 aaGun and 5 infantry moved from Persia to Syria Jordan Place Units - British 1 bomber and 7 infantry placed in United Kingdom Turn Complete - British British collect 34 PUs; end with 34 PUs

Combat Hit Differential Summary :

Germans regular : 0.67 British regular : -1.33

UK8.tsvg

@surfer Sorry for the delay, had a nice weekend of playing over the board then had to catch up on work. Should be able to post turn tomorrow.