@EasyGoing:
Germany built a carrier in the Med to help protect the Italian transports, and later received Italian aircraft aboard. Now, the Soviets at the beginning of the R4 combat movement have the option to declare war on any or all Axis powers. They choose to DOW only on Germany. After that they move their aircraft to attack the sea zone with the German carrier in it, along with the Italian planes and any other naval units that happen to be there. Is it not that only the German navy fights? Italians are still not at war with the Soviets! Now, if the carrier is damaged and Soviets retreat (or are destroyed), what happens to the Italian air? I know it has been said repeatedly that only attacking foreign planes may be trapped inside a carrier, but how to resolve this situation?
Aircraft from another country are normally treated as cargo when they are on board another power’s aircraft carrier, but that is usually on the carrier owner’s turn. Defending carriers are another story:
Pacific Rulebook:
Air Defense: Whenever an undamaged carrier is attacked, its aircraft (even those belonging to friendly powers) are considered to be defending in the air and can be chosen as casualties rather than the carrier. However, aircraft on a carrier cannot be chosen as a casualty from a submarine hit, because submarines can attack only sea units
Air units based on a defending carrier must land on the same carrier if possible after the battle. If that carrier is destroyed or damaged in combat, they must try to land on a different friendly carrier in the same sea zone, move one space to a friendly carrier or territory, or be destroyed. This movement occurs during the Noncombat Movement phase, before the acting player makes any noncombat movements.
But since Italy is not at war with Russia in this scenario, you raise an interesting point.
The real question here is if attacking cargo is seen as a declaration of war or just an unfortunate loss. If the Sea Zone contained all Italian ships and a single German carrier, then it was a very clever plan to strafe the carrier with only a DOW against Germany.
Must you declare war on a power if you attack a ship that is carrying that power’s planes? Do the Italian fighters launch as normal but then not attack the Russian planes?
This applies to transports, but here is Krieg’s ruling on those:
@Krieghund:
Of course the Soviet units die - they are cargo. Germany need not declare war on the USSR in order to attack UK ships. The Soviets take their chances when they board a ship that’s in danger of being sunk by an enemy.
I’m still looking for more and digging up older threads.
EDIT: Rewrote some confusing and incorrect bits.