Welcome to the forum :slightly_smiling_face:
I have moved your topic here, assuming that your question is about 1942 Second Edition. Please let us know in case you targeted another 1942 edition.
What do you mean by “counterattack”?
Scrambling planes is not part of the 1942 rulesets.
Also the rules don’t allow defender’s movement during the attacker’s turn.
Of course units can “counterattack” when it is their turn. But remember that planes can’t hit submarines unless there is a friendly destroyer in the battle, too.