@Flashman:
I’m wondering to what extent German politics will be dictated by Hitler’s personal goals, rather than those the Germany player may wish to attain.
Specifically, will the German player be able to postpone the attack on Russia in order to follow the Mediterranean strategy favoured by some of his commanders, particularly the navy?
Opinion is divided as to the wisdom of this approach; on the one hand it may have accelerated US entry into the war before Russia had been dealt with; on the other the conquest of the Middle East would’ve provided direct entry into the Caucasus (from the south) making the invasion of the USSR a much easier proposition.
From what I read into comments so far the game has been designed to make the German-Soviet conflict pretty much automatic in a couple of turns, thus following Hitler’s idealogical obsession rather than what may have been a more sound strategy.
While Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union was consistent with his strong ideological antipathy towards communism, ideology was not the only motivating factor. IN 1940, Hitler found himself involved in an unproductive air and sea war with Britain, with the British producing aircraft at a faster pace than Germany. Add in American production shipped to Britain (which was considerable), and Hitler felt he had to do something to change the equation. Because long-term, the combined industrial strength of Britain and the U.S. would have crushed Germany.
Another factor was the British food blockade, which resulted in a severe food shortage in German-occupied Europe.
Hitler felt that the conquest of the Soviet Union would secure a sufficient food supply for Germany, access to raw materials, and would create a significant increase in Germany’s available workforce and industrial capacity. These things would allow him to meet British and American air efforts on a somewhat equal footing. In addition, Hitler felt (correctly) that Stalin would invade Germany sooner or later, so it would be better to get the inevitable war with the Soviets out of the way quickly, before they had the chance to build up.
However, the German general staff underestimated how militarized the Soviet Union actually was in 1941. They thought that the Soviet Army had only 200 divisions, and that the heart of that army could be encircled and destroyed in a relatively quick blitzkrieg operation. In fact, the Soviet Army consisted of 600 divisions in the spring of '41. The Soviets were also considerably further along in their industrialization and military production efforts than the Germans had realized, and outproduced Germany by a margin of 3:1 or 4:1 in nearly every category of land weapons in 1942. The Soviets even built twice as many military aircraft as Germany did that year.
In hindsight, it would have made more sense for Germany to have postponed its invasion of the Soviet Union to swallow up North Africa and the Middle East. That task would have required a strong Axis naval presence in the Mediterranean, good supply lines, cooperation with Italy, and several other factors. Postponing Barbarossa would also have given the German war industry time to catch up to that of the Soviet Union. (Which it did by 1944, both because of internal improvements to German industry, and because of Germany’s access to Slavic workers and other resources from its war in the east.)
Stalin saw both the Nazis and the Western democracies as equally his enemies. He hoped for a long, destructive war between the two sides–a war that would bleed both sides dry without involving the Soviet Union. Then, after both sides were depleted, the Soviet Army would move into Europe and pick up the pieces. Given this way of thinking, it is likely that Stalin would have left Hitler alone for several years, had Hitler chosen to focus on the Middle East. Stalin also knew that Britain could purchase large numbers of aircraft from the U.S., thereby balancing out any production losses it might experience from the loss of some of its Empire.