Kitchener appeared unnamed in that iconic “Britons – [his picture] Wants You” WWI recruitment poster, with the result that more people today may be familiar with his face than with his name.
Another behind-the-times general was Vladimir Sukhomlinov, who served as Russia’s Minister of War until 1915. I’ve heard that, while he held that post, he believed that he had learned everything there was to know about war in a cavalry charge he had led against the Turks during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, and that he was allegedly proud of the fact that he had not read a military textbook in 25 years.